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the end of August

更新时间:2023-01-29 06:37:49 人在看 0条评论

the end of August


2023年1月29日发(作者:落花生课文资料)

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2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧

专题(四)定语从句+写作同类词合集

在写作中运用定语从句不仅可以显示考生较好的语言运用能力,更能为写作增添色彩。所以考生一

定要在平时练习时学会在书信应用文、概写和续写中尝试写定语从句,让作文整体显得漂亮和流畅。

一.用于书面表达中定语从句的类型

1.关系代词引导的定语从句

who,whom,whose,which,that,as等关系代词引导的定语从句在高考书面表达中屡见不

鲜。尤其以as和which引导的非限制性定语从句更是司空见惯。

①.I’mqualifiedwitheveryextraworkthatyouwantmetodo.(2019全国一卷书面表达)

②.Lastweek,wetooktheforeignstudentsinourschooltoexperiencetheauthenticteaculture,

whichturnedouttobeextremelyrewarding.(2018北京高考书面表达)

③.Asisknown,Iwillbeavolunteerforthe13thNationalGameswhichwillbeheldattheendof

AugustinTianjin.(2017年天津高考书面表达)

④.Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.(2016全国卷书面表达)

2.关系副词引导的定语从句

when,where,why关系副词引导的定语从句也可以在高考书面表达中找到很多例子。在写这

种类型的定语从句时,一定要注意关系词前面一些特殊的先行词,如:period,age,occasion,

situation,case,point,reason等。

①.WearetomeetonSundaymorninginthePeople’sPark,wheretheairisfreshandthesceneryis

beautiful.(2017全国一卷书面表达)

②.Theyfoundthedangeroussituation,wherethreemencircledthewolf.(2017浙江高考书面表

达)

③.Ithinkthereasonwhyyou’realwaysangrymaybethehighpressureofstudy.(2014安徽高考书

面表达)

3.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

Materialcollectingtookusawholeweek,duringwhichweinterviewedourteachersandtook

picturesofeveryaspectofourschoollife.

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二.定语从句的写法

定语从句对于考生来说相对较难灵活运用,所以一定要在平时的写作训练中多加练习。在写作

中,可以采取以下的步骤训练。

1.写出两个相关联的简单句;

2.在其中一处简单句中找出需要修饰的词,这个词一定要在两个简单句中都有联系;

3.把剩下的一个简单句改成定语从句,根据关系词的不同选择而对句子进行修改。若是关

系代词,就要去掉这个简单句中的主语或者宾语。若是关系副词,则要删掉状语。

例一:Theforeignergotarrestedbythepolice.

Hepickedawoman’spocketonthebus.

先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分,即theforeigner。确定第一句为主句后,剩下的第

二句要改写成定语从句。由于是代词做主语,所以考虑用关系代词who或者that引导定语从

句,并删去第二句的主语he。

Theforeignerwho/thatpickedawoman’spocketonthebusgotarrestedbythepolice.

例二:Afiresuddenlybrokeoutinthetheater.

Withoutdelay,Tomranawayfromthetheater.

先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分,即thetheater。确定第二句作主句后,剩下的第二

句为定语从句。由于inthetheater是地点状语,所以考虑用关系副词where引导定语从句,并

删去第一句的状语inthetheater。

Withoutdelay,Tomranawayfromthetheaterwhereafiresuddenlybrokeout.

由于灵活运用定语从句对于考生来说有一定的难度,所以考生在书面表达中运用定语从句时会常犯一

些错误,比如误用关系词,句子成分多余或残缺,把定语从句和其它从句混淆。这些都是考生需要注意的。

后面的改错练习会涉及到一些定语从句写作中常见的错误。

提升训练

一.请把下列的定语从句改正确。

nBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.

friend,who’snameisLiuMei.

eremanystudentstookpartintheEnglishcompetition.

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toneleavestheclassroomissupposedtoturnofflights.

eseenfromthepicture,thatasadboystandsbetweenhisangryparents.

ek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupthereinmychildhood.

sknown,smokingisabadhabitthatthreatenspeople’shealth.

entstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,itdidn’thelp.

’rethreemembersinmyfamilyandI’mtheonlyonechild,whoisverycommoninChina.

avellingoverseas,youshouldfollowthecustomsofthecountrywhereyouarevisiting.

everforgetthedayonthatwewenttobuyguitarsinthestore.

hirdfloortherearetworooms,oneofthemisusedasameetingroom.

plewillflytoFrancefortheirhoneymoonontheirfirststop,whichtheyplantostayfor

threedays.

hatboysuchadifficultmathproblemwhichhecouldn’tworkout.

holidayseasons,Iwillliveinthecountryside,whenairisfreshandpeoplearefriendly.

题目一

【答案】

nBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChina.

friend,whosenameisLiuMei.

eremanystudentswhotookpartintheEnglishcompetition.

tonewholeavestheclassroomissupposedtoturnofflights.

eseenfromthepicture,(去掉that)asadboystandsbetweenhisangryparents.

ek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewup(去掉there)inmychildhood.

own,smokingisabadhabitthatthreatenspeople’shealth.

entstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver,which/butitdidn’thelp.

’rethreemembersinmyfamilyandI’mtheonlyonechild,whichisverycommonin

China.

avellingoverseas,youshouldfollowthecustomsofthecountrywhich/thatyouare

visiting.

everforgetthedayonwhichwewenttobuyguitarsinthestore.

hirdfloortherearetworooms,oneofwhichisusedasameetingroom.

plewillflytoFrancefortheirhoneymoonontheirfirststop,wheretheyplantostayfor

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threedays.

hatboysuchadifficultmathproblemashecouldn’tworkout.

holidayseasons,Iwillliveinthecountryside,whereairisfreshandpeoplearefriendly.

二.用适当的关系词填空。

hisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof___________usesitdifferently.

enceteacherwillserveasourguide,____________isexpectedtotellussomething

interestingabouttheTiantaiShan.

ose____________sparenoefforttoconfrontproblemscanachievewhattheylongfor.

’llputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,____________theweathermaybebetter.

’llspendsomefuntimetogethersinging,dancingandplayinggames,_____________Ihope

willmakethemeveryhappy.

题目二

【答案】

三.将下列的简单句合并成定语从句。

eusedagainstpollution.

_______________________________________________________________________________

2.I’eabletobeindependentthen.

_______________________________________________________________________________

’reagreatnumberofplacesofinterestinSichuan.

_______________________________________________________________________________

herworksasanengineer.

_______________________________________________________________________________

hthecourseofmyschooling,heminfluencedme

greatly.

_______________________________________________________________________________

题目三

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【答案】thebestmethodthatcanbeusedagainstpollution.

2.I’vealwayslongedforthedayswhenIwillbeabletobeindependent.

oonatriptoSichuan,wherethere’reagreatnumberofplacesofinterest.

oodtermswithafriend,whosefatherworksasanengineer.

hthecourseofmyschooling,Iencounteredmanyteachers,twoofwhominfluenced

megreatly.

四.用定语从句完成下列句子。

1.我们将在学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

2.我无法遵守承诺是因为我叔叔马上要出国深造了。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

3.一年中有四季,每个季节都有显著的特点。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

4.作为一名外向的学生,我善于同其他人交往,这使我对这个职位感到自信。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

5.我们都知道,当我们需要帮助时,我们的朋友会伸出援手,他们会帮我们渡过遇到各种问题

的难关。

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

题目四

【答案】’regoingtolearnsomeChinesepoemswhich/thatwerewrittenintheTangDynasty.

sonwhyIcan’tkeepmywordisthatmyunclewillgoabroadforfurtherstudiessoon.

refourseasonsinayear,eachofwhichhasdistinctivefeatures.

tgoingstudent,Iamskilledatcommunicatingwithothers,whichmakesmefeelconfident

aboutthisposition.

lknow,ourfriendswilllendusahelpinghandwhenweneedhelpandtheywillhelpusget

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throughdifficultsituationswherewewillbefacedvarietiesofproblems.

写作同义词总结

由于在有限的词汇量和紧张的时间里,许多考生写的作文常常平淡无味,缺乏文采和感染力。因此,

考生平时练习书面表达的时候,要多注意并多积累一些同义词的表达和替换,并把它们加以应用。这样写

的作文,不管是书信应用文,概写或者续写,才会大放异彩,夺得高分。以下两个部分是关于一些动词、

名词、形容词和副词短语等词的同义词集合,仅供参考。

一.笼统词转变为具体词。

:amazing令人大为惊奇的;pleasant令人愉快的,宜人的;fantastic/fabulous极好的;outstanding

出色的;terrific极好的,绝妙的;excellent优秀的;

:awful糟糕的,可怕的;terrible糟糕的,可怕的;unpleasant令人不快的;disgusting令人恶

心的

:cheerful兴高采烈的;delighted快乐的;pleased高兴;amused逗乐的;content满意的

:depressed沮丧的;gloomy悲观的;upset不高兴的;frustrated懊恼的;disappointed失望的

:appealing有吸引力的;lovely美丽的;attractive吸引人的;charming有魅力的;elegant优

雅的;adorable可爱的

:large大的;huge巨大的;giant巨大的;enormous庞大的;immense巨大的

:speak说,演讲;chat聊天;comment评论;reply回复;remark说起,评论;review评论,

复习;declare宣布;state陈述;exclaim惊叫;shout大声喊;whisper低声说;announce宣布,通知;respond

答复,回应;boast自夸;explain解释,说明;clarify澄清;claim声称;criticize批评,评论;interpret口

译,解释

:admire欣赏,仰慕;approve同意,赞成;treasure珍视;fancy爱慕;appreciate欣赏,感

谢;cherish珍爱;desire渴望;enjoy喜爱,欣赏,享受;beaddictedto对……上瘾;becrazyabout对……

着迷;befondof喜欢……;bekeenon喜爱……;haveafancyfor喜欢……;takepleasurein以……为

:speed快速前行;hurry匆忙;jog慢跑;rush冲向;race快速移动;dash猛冲,急驰;flee

(过去式为fled)逃跑

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:gaze/stareat凝视;examine(仔细地)检查;glanceat瞥一眼;view观看;observe观察;

watch注视,看守;inspect视察;notice注意到;spot发现;glareat怒视;recognize认出;makeout看

清;catchsightof看见;catchaglimpseof瞥见

:interview访问;question问,审问

:hear听到;pickup接收(信号、声音、图像等);overhear偶然听到

:lookforwardto期望;longfor渴望;bedyingfor渴望;beeagertodosth./forsth.想要……;

渴望;beanxioustodosth./forsth.想要,渴望

:cry呼喊;scream尖叫;moan呻吟;sigh叹息;quarrel争吵

:climb爬行;jump跳跃;skip蹦蹦跳跳地走;slip溜走;enter进入;move移动,搬迁;drive

驾驶;ride骑;fly快速移动;crawl匍匐前进

:occupy占有;hold拥有,持有(见解等);own拥有(强调所有权);possess具有(某种

品质、才能、特点或性能等);keep保有;enjoy享有;beblessedwith享有

:possession个人财产,私人物品;wealth钱财;belongings财产,财物;fortune巨款;treasure

珠宝,金银财宝

二.其它常见写作词汇的多种表达。

1.“优缺点”:advantage优势,有利条件;disadvantage劣势,不利条件;strength优势,优点,体

力;shortcoming缺点;drawback缺点

2.“专心于;集中注意力”:beabsorbedin专心于;beaddictedto沉迷于;beburiedin埋头于;be

devotedto致力于;beengagedin专心于;beinvolvedin专注于;belostin陷入,专心致志于;beoccupied

in忙于;concentrateon专心于;fixone'smind/attentionon集中注意力于;focuson集中注意力于;pay

attentionto注意;putone’sheartinto集中注意力于

3.“反复”:overandoveragain反复,多次;overandover反复,再三;timeandtimeagain一再;

timeandagain一再,屡次;againandagain反复,再三地

4.“立刻;马上”:atonce;rightaway/now;innotime;instantly;immediately;inaflash

5.“人物性格特点”:active积极的,活跃的;confident有信心的;creative/innovative富有创造力

的;cruel残忍的;devoted/dedicated有献身精神的;energetic/lively有活力的;enthusiastic/passionate充满

热情的;generous慷慨的;mean吝啬的;selfish自私的;selfless无私的;warm­hearted热心肠的;

indifferent/stony冷漠的

6.“适应”:adapt(oneself)to/adjust(oneself)to适应;agreewith适宜;与……一致;fitin相适应;

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相融合;getalong/onwellwith…和……相处很好

7.“照看/照顾某人”:attendto/on/uponsb;careforsb.;lookaftersb.;showconsiderationforsb.;take

careofsb.

8.“与……有关”:beconcernedwith;beinvolvedin;berelatedto;berelevantto;havesomethingtodo

with;beconnectedwith

9.“除……以外”:apartfrom除……外(还有/没有);aswellas除……之外还有;asidefrom除……

外(还有/没有);besides除……外(还有);exceptfor除了(不好的部分);inadditionto此外;inaddition此外

(单独使用);withanexceptionto除……外没有

10.“出现与消失”:appearvi.出现;dieout灭亡;逐渐消失;disappearvi.消失;失踪;showup/turn

up出现;comeintobeing形成;extinctadj.灭绝的

11.“相信”与“不相信”:beliefn.信任,信心,信仰;convincevt.使确信;faithn.信任,信仰;

reliable/trustworthy/dependableadj.可靠的;unbelievable/incredibleadj.难以置信的;trustingadj.轻信的

12.“同意与反对”:agreevi.同意;approvevt.&vi.批准,赞成;disagreevi.不同意;objectvi.反对;

opposevt.反对,反抗;rejectvt.抛弃,拒绝;supportn.&vt.支持,拥护;advocatevt.主张,支持;dismissvt.

不予考虑;turndown拒绝

13.“犯罪”:控告;控告;commitvt.犯(罪);crimen.罪行;guiltn.罪

行;punishvt.惩罚;sentencen.&vt.判决;suspectv.怀疑;猜想n.犯罪嫌疑人;trialn.审讯;questionvt.

审问

14.“小心;当心”:becareful小心;lookout当心;takecare小心;look/watchout(for)当心;bemindful

of留心;mindvt.当心,注意

15.“因此,因为”:asaresult/consequence结果,因此;consequentlyadv.所以;soadv.&conj.因此;

所以;thereforeadv.因此;所以;thusadv.因此;于是;becauseof/dueto/owingto/asaresultof/onaccount

of因为

16.“导致”:accountfor解释,导致;bringabout导致;contributeto促成;leadto造成;resultin导

致;giveriseto导致;

17.“被困”:betrappedin/bestuckin/becaughtin被困在……

18.“方法”:theapproachtodoingsth./thewaytodo/ofdoingsth./themeansofdoingsth./themethodof

doingsth.做某事的方法;inthisway/bythismeans/withthismethod用这种方法

19.“主要的,首要的,重要的”:chiefadj.首要的;mainadj.主要的;majoradj.主要的,重要的;

primaryadj.主要的,首要的;principaladj.主要的,首要的;fundamentaladj.根本的;significantadj.重

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要的;essential/necessaryadj.必要的

20.“通常;总之”:ingeneral/asarule/generally(speaking)/onaverage通常,一般而言;inaword/all

inall/inconclusion/inshort/inbrief/onthewhole/tosumup/inanutshell/toconclude总之

21.“偶尔;有时”:nowandthen/onoccasion/fromtimetotime/attimes/onceinawhile偶尔,有时;

occasionallyadv.偶尔

22.“观点;态度”:positive/approving/favorable/supportive/optimistic/enthusiastic积极的;

negative/disapproving/pessimistic消极的;subjective主观的;objective/neutral中立的;

doubtful/suspicious/skeptical怀疑的;critical批评的

23.“不管;不顾”:regardlessof不管,不顾;despiteprep.尽管,不管;inspiteof尽管,不管

当然,这些总结的同义词对于书面表达中词汇的运用还可能稍嫌不够,所以考生在平时学习的时候,可

以多查阅词典做更多的补充和总结,以便丰富自己的写作词库做到有的放矢。


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